Three Days at Camp David: How a Secret Meeting in 1971 Transformed the Global Economy

Jeffrey E. Garten

Three Days at Camp David: How a Secret Meeting in 1971 Transformed the Global Economy

HarperCollins, New York, NY, 2021,
448 pp., $23.99

“Demography is destiny” is an oft-cited phrase that suggests the size, growth, and structure of a nation’s population determines its long-term social, economic, and political fabric. The phrase highlights the role of demographics in shaping many complex challenges and opportunities societies face, including several pertinent to economic growth and development.

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Nevertheless, it is an overstatement to say that demography determines all, as it downplays the fact that both demographic trajectories and their development implications are responsive to economic incentives; to policy and institutional reforms; and to changes in technology, cultural norms, and behavior.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aliquam dignissim velit felis, vel mattis justo feugiat vel. Mauris viverra nisi non neque maximus blandit. Etiam efficitur lacus nec arcu iaculis tristique. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia curae; In convallis rutrum sem ac ultrices. Nam efficitur ac dui in faucibus. Integer dictum diam ut magna dignissim, id elementum ex viverra. Pellentesque non accumsan orci. Aenean posuere quam orci, in mollis eros tincidunt a. Phasellus lobortis sodales vehicula. Praesent sollicitudin purus in metus faucibus, maximus luctus justo vehicula. Maecenas mauris eros, aliquam non dapibus non, euismod eu augue.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aliquam dignissim velit felis, vel mattis justo feugiat vel. Mauris viverra nisi non neque maximus blandit. Etiam efficitur lacus nec arcu iaculis tristique. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia curae; In convallis rutrum sem ac ultrices. Nam efficitur ac dui in faucibus. Integer dictum diam ut magna dignissim, id elementum ex viverra. Pellentesque non accumsan orci. Aenean posuere quam orci, in mollis eros tincidunt a. Phasellus lobortis sodales vehicula. Praesent sollicitudin purus in metus faucibus, maximus luctus justo vehicula. Maecenas mauris eros, aliquam non dapibus non, euismod eu augue.

The world is undergoing a major demographic upheaval with three key components: population growth, changes in fertility and mortality, and associated changes in population age structure.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aliquam dignissim velit felis, vel mattis justo feugiat vel. Mauris viverra nisi non neque maximus blandit. Etiam efficitur lacus nec arcu iaculis tristique. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia curae; In convallis rutrum sem ac ultrices. Nam efficitur ac dui in faucibus. Integer dictum diam ut magna dignissim, id elementum ex viverra. Pellentesque non accumsan orci. Aenean posuere quam orci, in mollis eros tincidunt a. Phasellus lobortis sodales vehicula. Praesent sollicitudin purus in metus faucibus, maximus luctus justo vehicula. Maecenas mauris eros, aliquam non dapibus non, euismod eu augue.

Population growth

It took more than 50,000 years for world population to reach 1 billion people. Since 1960, we have added successive billions every one to two decades. The world population was 3 billion in 1960; it reached 6 billion around 2000, and the United Nations projects it will surpass 9 billion by 2037. The population growth rate has been slowing, however, from peak annual rates in excess of 2 percent in the late 1960s, to about 1 percent currently, to half that by 2050.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aliquam dignissim velit felis, vel mattis justo feugiat vel. Mauris viverra nisi non neque maximus blandit. Etiam efficitur lacus nec arcu iaculis tristique. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia curae; In convallis rutrum sem ac ultrices. Nam efficitur ac dui in faucibus. Integer dictum diam ut magna dignissim, id elementum ex viverra. Pellentesque non accumsan orci. Aenean posuere quam orci, in mollis eros tincidunt a. Phasellus lobortis sodales vehicula. Praesent sollicitudin purus in metus faucibus, maximus luctus justo vehicula. Maecenas mauris eros, aliquam non dapibus non, euismod eu augue.

Although global income per capita more than doubled, life expectancy increased by 16 years, and primary school enrollment became nearly universal among children during 1960–2000, rapid population growth poses myriad challenges that are both privately and publicly daunting. These challenges include the need for more food, clothing, housing, education, and infrastructure; the absorption of sizable numbers into productive employment; and more strenuous environmental protection. Although the explosive nature of global population growth is abating in relative terms, decade-on-decade increases remain sizable and are taking place from ever more populated starting points.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aliquam dignissim velit felis, vel mattis justo feugiat vel. Mauris viverra nisi non neque maximus blandit. Etiam efficitur lacus nec arcu iaculis tristique. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia curae; In convallis rutrum sem ac ultrices. Nam efficitur ac dui in faucibus. Integer dictum diam ut magna dignissim, id elementum ex viverra. Pellentesque non accumsan orci. Aenean posuere quam orci, in mollis eros tincidunt a. Phasellus lobortis sodales vehicula. Praesent sollicitudin purus in metus faucibus, maximus luctus justo vehicula. Maecenas mauris eros, aliquam non dapibus non, euismod eu augue.

Population growth

It took more than 50,000 years for world population to reach 1 billion people. Since 1960, we have added successive billions every one to two decades. The world population was 3 billion in 1960; it reached 6 billion around 2000, and the United Nations projects it will surpass 9 billion by 2037. The population growth rate has been slowing, however, from peak annual rates in excess of 2 percent in the late 1960s, to about 1 percent currently, to half that by 2050.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aliquam dignissim velit felis, vel mattis justo feugiat vel. Mauris viverra nisi non neque maximus blandit. Etiam efficitur lacus nec arcu iaculis tristique. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia curae; In convallis rutrum sem ac ultrices. Nam efficitur ac dui in faucibus. Integer dictum diam ut magna dignissim, id elementum ex viverra. Pellentesque non accumsan orci. Aenean posuere quam orci, in mollis eros tincidunt a. Phasellus lobortis sodales vehicula. Praesent sollicitudin purus in metus faucibus, maximus luctus justo vehicula. Maecenas mauris eros, aliquam non dapibus non, euismod eu augue.

Although global income per capita more than doubled, life expectancy increased by 16 years, and primary school enrollment became nearly universal among children during 1960–2000, rapid population growth poses myriad challenges that are both privately and publicly daunting. These challenges include the need for more food, clothing, housing, education, and infrastructure; the absorption of sizable numbers into productive employment; and more strenuous environmental protection. Although the explosive nature of global population growth is abating in relative terms, decade-on-decade increases remain sizable and are taking place from ever more populated starting points.

文章和其他材料中所表达的观点均为作者个人观点，不一定反映IMF的政策。