During the last 15 years, Latin America has made significant progress in social inclusion. Good jobs have been created in economies that enjoyed the tailwinds of a strong commodity boom. This created new opportunities, lifted millions out of poverty, and also reduced inequality of income.. As we look into the next decade, a less benign external environment, marked in particular by the end of the commodities boom, raises the challenge of developing new opportunities for social development while improving the effectiveness of social inclusion policies in an environment of scarce budget resources. The region will need to build on the success in pioneering new approaches to the design of social safety nets, including leveraging transfers in order to increase household demand for, and access to, education and health services, and enhancing access to financial services and participation in formal labor markets, particularly by women.